The Tripura Sundari Temple at Naggar (near Manali), built of deodar wood, is a prime example of the Pagoda style’s effectiveness in a mountainous setting. Its three tiers, ascending to a circular top—a design well-suited for shedding heavy snowfall—and two lower levels divided by sturdy pillars provide both structural support and framed views of the valley.
The design speaks to a pragmatic approach to building, evident in its adaptation to the challenging terrain and the use of locally sourced materials. The 15th century is the generally accepted date for its present form, though it may be much older. As with all Himalayan temples containing wooden rooms, these are periodically renewed as needed.
Now, about this Pagoda style. Some attribute it to Chinese influence. This is a common assumption. However, this is a historical mix-up. This style, as argued by many scholars, including Percy Brown in his authoritative work, Indian Architecture, actually travelled to China, originating in India and spreading through Nepal and Tibet. The White Pagoda in Peking, constructed by Nepalese architects in the mid-7th century and bearing an inscription in Sanskrit and Chinese, is often cited in support of this theory.
As for how it arrived in Kullu? Some suggest a Nepalese connection, as it was prevalent in the Kathmandu Valley. Others point to a direct introduction from the Indian plains during the time of Harsha (606-647 A.D.).
